July 1st 1618: Birth of the sculptor Cosimo Fancelli (d. 1688).
July 3rd 1756: Death of the architect and surveyor Giovanni Battista Nolli (b. 1701), best known for his ichnographic plan of Rome, the Pianta Grande di Roma.
July 7th 1573: Death of the architect Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola, who designed the Chiesa del Gesù.
July 8th 1593: Birth of the painter Artemisia Gentileschi (d. 1653).
July 10th 1686: Death of the sculptor Ercola Ferrata (b. 1610).
July 12th 100 BCE: Birth of Julius Caesar (d. 44 BCE).
July 13th 1234: Canonisation of St Dominic by Pope Gregory IX (r. 1227-41).
July 14th 1555: Pope Paul IV (r. 1555-59) issued the bull Cum nimis absurdum, which led to the creation of the Jewish Ghetto.
July 16th 1228: Canonisation of St Francis of Assisi by Pope Gregory IX (r. 1227-41).
July 19th 64 CE: Start of the Great Fire of Rome, which raged for six days.
July 20th 1903: Death of Pope Leo XIII (r. 1878-1903), one of only three popes to have ruled for 25 years or more. 1937: Death of Guglielmo Marconi (b. 1874), who is credited with the invention of radio. In 1909 Marconi won the Nobel Prize for Physics.
July 23rd 1373: Death of St Bridget of Sweden.
July 24th 1943: Dismissal and arrest of Benito Mussolini.
July 25th 1492: Death of Pope Innocent VIII (r. 1484-92).
July 26th 1471: Death of Pope Paul II (r. 1464-71).
July 28th 1873: Death of the sculptor Rinaldo Rinaldi (b. 1793)
July 29th 1644: Death of Pope Urban VIII (r. 1623-44), a member of the Barberini family and a significant patron of the arts.
July 30th 2007: Death of the film director Michelangelo Antonioni (b. 1912).