Popes: 1417-Present
15th Century
Pope Martin V, Oddone Colonna (b. Genazzano), 11.11.1417 - 20.02.1431 (Age at election: 48. Age at death: 62).
- The election of Martin V signalled the end of the Western Schism, which started in 1378 following the death of Pope Gregory XI.
- Cardinal Oddone Colonna was elected at the Council of Constance on St Martin's Day, hence his choice of name as pope.
- The tomb of Pope Martin V, the work of Simone Ghini, is in the church of San Giovanni in Laterano.
Pope Eugenius IV, Gabriele Condulmer (b. Venice), 03.03.1431 - 23.02.1447 (47/63).
- Pope Eugenius IV is buried in St Peter's Basilica; his funerary monument is in San Salvatore in Lauro.
Pope Nicholas V, Tommaso Parentucelli (b. Sarzana), 06.03.1447 - 24.03.1455 (49/57).
- Pope Nicholas V created the Vatican library and the Cappella Niccolina.
- Pope Nicholas V is buried in St Peter's Basilica.
Pope Calixtus III, Alfonso Borgia (b. Spain), 08.04.1455 - 06.08.1458 (76/79).
- Pope Callixtus III is interred in the church of Santa Maria in Monserrato.
Pope Pius II, Aeneas Silvius Piccolomini (b. Corsignano), 19.08.1458 - 15.08.1464 (52/58).
- The funerary monument of Pope Pis II is in Sant' Andrea della Valle, where he is buried.
Pope Paul II, Pietro Barbo (b. Venice), 30.08.1464 - 26.07.1471 (47/54).
- Pope Paul II, who was the nephew of Pope Eugenius IV, built Palazzo Venezia.
- Pope Paul II is interred in St Peter's Basilica. There is no funerary monument.
Pope Sixtus IV, Francesco della Rovere (b. Savona), 09.08.1471 - 12.08.1484 (57/70).
- Pope Sixtus IV rebuilt the Cappella Sistina, which bears his name.
- The funerary monument of Pope Sixtus IV is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
Pope Innocent VIII, Giovanni Battista Cibo (b. Genoa), 29.08.1484 - 25.07.1492 (51/59).
- The funerary monument to Pope Innocent VIII is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
Pope Alexander VI by Pinturicchio, Borgia Apartment, Vatican
Pope Alexander VI, Rodrigo de Borja y Doms (b. Spain), 11.08.1492 - 18.08.1503 (61/72).
- Pope Alexander VI is interred in the church of Santa Maria in Monserrato.
- Pope Alexander VI was the nephew of Pope Callixtus III (r. 1455-58).
16th Century
Pope Pius III, Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini (b. Siena), 22.09.1503 - 18.10.1503 (64/64).
- Pope Pius III, the nephew of Pope Pius II (r. 1458-64), reigned for just 26 days.
- The funerary monument of Pope Pius II is in the church of Sant' Andrea della Valle, where he is buried.
Pope Julius II, Giuliano della Rovere (b. Savona), 31.10.1503 - 21.02.1513 (59/69).
- Pope Julius II, who was the nephew of Pope Sixtus IV (r. 1471-84), commissioned Michelangelo to paint the ceiling of the Cappella Sistina.
- Julius II also commissioned Bramante to rebuild St Peter's Basilica.
- Pope Julius II is buried in St Peter's Basilica; his funerary monument is in San Pietro in Vincoli.
Pope Leo X by Raphael, Uffizi Gallery, Florence
Pope Leo X, Giovanni de' Medici (b. Florence), 09.03.1513 - 01.12.1521 (37/45).
- The funerary monument to Pope Leo X is in the church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva, where he is buried.
Pope Adrian VI, Adrian Floriszoon Boeyens (b. Utrecht, Holland), 09.01.1522 - 14.09.1523 (62/64).
- Adrian VI was the last non-Italian pope for 455 years.
- The funerary monument to Pope Adrian VI is in the church of Santa Maria dell' Anima, where he is buried.
Pope Clement VII by Bronzino, Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence
Pope Clement VII, Giulio de' Medici (b. Florence), 19.11.1523 - 25.09.1534 (45/56).
- Clement VII was the illegitimate cousin of Pope Leo X (r. 1513-21).
- The funerary monument to Pope Clement VII is in the church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva, where he is buried.
Pope Paul III by Titian, Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte, Naples
Pope Paul III, Alessandro Farnese (b. Canino), 13.10.1534 - 10.11.1549 (66/81).
- The funerary monument to Pope Paul III is in Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
Pope Julius III, Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte (b. Monte San Savino), 07.02.1550 - 23.03.1555 (62/67).
- Pope Julius III is interred in St Peter's Basilica. There is no funerary monument.
Pope Marcellus II, Marcello Cervini (b. Montefano, Macerata), 09.04.1555 - 30.04.1555 (53/53).
- Marcellus II, who was the last pope to use his own name, reigned for just 22 days.
- Pope Marcellus II is interred in St Peter's Basilica. There is no funerary monument.
Pope Paul IV, Giovanni Pietro Carafa (b. Capriglia), 23.05.1555 - 18.08.1559 (78/83).
- Pope Paul IV ordered the creation of the Jewish Ghetto.
- The funerary monument to Pope Paul IV is in the church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva, where he is buried.
Pope St. Pius V, Antonio Ghislieri (b. Bosco Marengo), 07.01.1566 - 01.05.1572 (61/68).
- The funerary monument to Pope Pius V is in the Cappella Sistina in Santa Maria Maggiore.
- On May 22nd 1712, Pope Pius V was canonised by Pope Clement XI (r. 1700-21).
Pope Gregory XIII, Ugo Boncompagni (b. Bologna), 13.05.1572 - 10.04.1585 (70/83).
- In 1582, Pope Gregory XIII reformed the Julian Calendar.
- The funerary monument to Pope Gregory XIII is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
Pope Sixtus V, Felice Peretti (b. Grottammare), 24.04.1585 - 27.08.1590 (63/68).
- The funerary monument to Pope Sixtus V is in the Cappella Sistina in the church of Santa Maria Maggiore, where he is buried.
Pope Urban VII, Giovanni Battista Castagna (b. Rome), 15.09.1590 - 27.09.1590 (69/69).
- Urban VII reigned for just 13 days, the shortest in the history of the papacy.
- The funerary monument to Pope Urban VII is in the church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva, where he is buried.
Pope Gregory XIV, Niccolò Sfondrati (b. Cremona), 05.12.1590 - 15.10.1591 (55/56).
- The funerary monument to Pope Gregory XIV is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
Pope Innocent IX, Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti (b. Bologna), 29.10.1591 - 30.12.1591 (72/72).
- Innocent IX is interred in St Peter's Basilica; there is no funerary monument.
Pope Clement VIII, Ippolito Aldobrandini (b. Fano), 30.01.1592 - 03.03.1605 (55/69).
- The funerary monument to Pope Clement VIII is in the church of Santa Maria Maggiore, where he is buried.
17th Century
Pope Leo XI, Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici (b. Florence), 01.04.1605 - 27.04.1605 (69/69).
- Leo XI reigned for just 27 days, earning him the nickname il 'Papa Lampante' (the 'Lightning Pope').
- The funerary monument to Pope Leo XI is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
Bust of Pope Paul V by Bernini, J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles
Pope Paul V, Camillo Borghese (b. Rome), 16.05.1605 - 28.01.1621 (52/68).
- The funerary monument to Pope Paul V is the Cappella Paolina in the church of Santa Maria Maggiore, where he is buried.
- Pope Paul V commissioned Carlo Maderno to build the facade of St Peter's Basilica, which he completed in 1614, and which bears the pope's name.
- Pope Paul V restored the Aqua Traiana, which he renamed the Acqua Paola, bringing water to the right bank. He also commissioned the grand Fontana dell' Acqua Paola.
Bust of Pope Gregory XV by Gian Lorenzo Bernini
Pope Gregory XV, Alessandro Ludovisi (b. Bologna), 09.02.1621 - 08.07.1623 (67/69).
- On 12 March 1622, Pope Gregory XV canonised Ignatius of Loyola, Filippo Neri and Teresa of Ávila, the founders of three major religious orders.
- The funerary monument to Pope Gregory XV is in the Cappella Ludovisi in the Jesuit church of Sant' Ignazio di Loyola, where he is buried.
Pope Urban VIII by Bernini, Musei Capitolini
Pope Urban VIII, Maffeo Barberini (b. Barberino Val d'Elsa), 06.08.1623 - 29.07.1644 (55/76).
- On November 18th 1626, Pope Urban VIII consecrated St Peter's Basilica.
- Pope Urban VIII commissioned Bernini to build the Baldacchino in St Peter's Basilica.
- The funerary monument to Pope Urban VIII is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
Pope Innocent X by Gian Lorenzo Bernini, Galleria Doria-Pamphilj
Pope Innocent X, Giovanni Battista Pamphilj (b. Rome), 15.09.1644 - 07.01.1655 (70/80).
- Pope Innocent X commissioned Bernini to create the Fountain of the Four Rivers in Piazza Navona.
- The funerary monument to Pope Innocent X is in Sant' Agnese in Agone, where he is buried.
Pope Alexander VII, St Peter's Basilica
Pope Alexander VII, Fabio Chigi (b. Siena), 07.04.1655 - 22.05.1667 (56/68).
- The funerary monument to Pope Alexander VII is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
- Pope Alexander VII commissioned Gianlorenzo Bernini to design St Peter's Square (Piazza San Pietro).
Pope Clement IX by Carlo Maratti, Hermitage, St Petersburg
Pope Clement IX, Giulio Rospigliosi (b. Pistoia), 20.06.1667 - 09.12.1669 (67/69).
- Pope Clement IX commissioned Bernini to add the statues of the ten angels to the Ponte Sant' Angelo.
- The funerary monument to Pope Clement IX is in the church of Santa Maria Maggiore, where he is buried.
Pope Clement X by Gianlorenzo Bernini, Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica
Pope Clement X, Emilio Altieri (b. Rome), 29.04.1670 - 22.07.1676 (79/86).
- Cardinal Emilio Altieri was almost eighty years old when he was elected pope, the oldest person ever to become pontiff.
- The funerary monument to Pope Clement X is in St Peter's Basilica. where he is buried.
Pope Innocent XI, Benedetto Odescalchi (b. Como), 21.09.1676 - 11.08.1689 (65/78).
- The funerary monument to Pope Innocent XI is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
Pope Alexander VIII, Pietro Ottoboni (b. Venice), 06.10.1689 - 01.02.1691 (79/80).
- The funerary monument to Pope Alexander VIII is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
Pope Innocent XII, Antonio Pignatelli (b. Spinazzola), 12.07.1691 - 27.09.1700 (76/85).
- The funerary monument to Pope Innocent XII is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
18th Century
Pope Clement XI by Pier Leone Ghezzi, Museo di Roma
Pope Clement XI, Giovanni Francesco Albani (b. Urbino), 23.11.1700 - 19.03.1721 (51/71).
- Pope Clement XI is interred in the Cappella del Coro in St Peter's Basilica. There is no funerary monument.
Pope Innocent XIII, Michelangelo dei Conti (b. Poli), 08.05.1721 - 07.03.1724 (65/68).
- Innocent XIII was the fourth member of the Conti family to become Pope, making it the leading family in this regard.
- Pope Innocent XIII is interred in St Peter's Basilica. There is no funerary monument.
Pope Benedict XIII by Pietro Bracci, Santa Maria Maggiore
Pope Benedict XIII, Pietro Francesco Orsini (b. Gravina, Bari), 29.05.1724 - 21.02.1730 (75/81).
- The funerary monument to Pope Benedict XIII is in the church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva, where he is buried.
Pope Clement XII by Edme Bouchardon, Galleria Corsini, Florence
Pope Clement XII, Lorenzo Corsini (b. Florence), 12.07.1730 - 6.02.1740 (78/87).
- The funerary monument to Pope Clement XII is in San Giovanni in Laterano, where he is buried.
- Pope Clement XII commissioned Nicolo Salvi to build the Fontana di Trevi.
Pope Benedict XIV by Pierre Subleyras
Pope Benedict XIV, Prospero Lambertini (b. Bologna), 17.08.1740 - 03.05.1758 (65/83).
- The funerary monument to Pope Benedict XIV is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
Pope Clement XIII by Anton Raphael Mengs, Ca' Rezzonico, Venice
Pope Clement XIII, Carlo Rezzonico (b. Venice), 06.07.1758 - 02.02.1769 (65/75).
- The funerary monument to Pope Clement XIII is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
Pope Clement XIV, Giovanni Vincenzo Ganganelli (b. Sant' Arcangelo di Romagna), 19.05.1769 - 22.09.1774 (63/68).
- The funerary monument to Pope Clement XIV is in the church of Santi Apostoli, where he is buried.
- In 1773, Pope Clement XIV suppressed the Society of Jesus.
Pope Pius VI by Pompeo Batoni, National Gallery of Ireland
Pope Pius VI, Count Giovanni Angelo Braschi (b. Cesena), 15.02.1775 - 29.08.1799 (57/81).
- Pope Pius VI died in the French city of Valence, a prisoner of Napoleon. His heart was buried in Valence, the rest of his remains were interred in St Peter's Basilica.
19th Century
Pope Pius VII by Jacques-Louis David, Louvre
Pope Pius VII, Count Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti (b. Cesena), 14.03.1800 - 20.08.1823 (57/81).
- Pope Pius VII adopted the white and yellow flag of the Holy See.
- Pope Pius VII restored the ancient Arch of Titus.
- The funerary monument to Pope Pius VII is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
Pope Leo XII, Count Annibale della Genga (b. Genga), 28.09.1823 - 10.02.1829 (63/68).
- The funerary monument to Pope Leo XII is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
Pope Pius VIII, Francesco Saverio Castiglioni (b. Cingoli), 31.03.1829 - 30.11.1830 (67/69).
- The funerary monument to Pope Pius VIII is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
Pope Gregory XVI by Paul Delaroche
Pope Gregory XVI, Bartolomeo Cappellari (b. Belluno), 02.02.1831 - 01.06.1846 (65/80).
- The funerary monument to Pope Gregory XVI is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
- Gregory XVI was the last pope not to have been a bishop when elected.
Photograph of Pope Pius IX
Pope Pius IX, Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti (b. Senigallia), 16.06.1846 - 07.02.1878 (54/85).
- Pope Pius IX reigned for just under 32 years, the longest in the history of the papacy.
- Pope Pius IX is buried in the church of San Lorenzo fuori le Mura. There is no funerary monument.
- Pius IX was the first pope to be photographed
Pope Leo XIII, San Gioacchino ai Prati
Pope Leo XIII, Gioacchino Pecci (b. Carpineto Romano), 20.02.1878 - 20.07.1903 (68/93).
- Leo XIII is the oldest ever reigning pope.
- Leo XIII is one of only three popes to have reigned for a minimum of twenty-five years, the length of time St Peter was believed to have been pontiff.
- The funerary monument to Pope Leo XIII is in the church of San Giovanni in Laterano, where he is buried.
20th Century
Pope Pius X by Francesco De Federicis
Pope St. Pius X, Giuseppe Sarto (b. Riese), 04.08.1903 - 20.08.1914 (68/79).
- The funerary monument to Pope Pius X is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
- On May 29th 1954, Pope Pius X was canonised by Pope Pius XII.
Pope Benedict XV by Nicola Perscheid
Pope Benedict XV, Giacomo della Chiesa (b. Genoa), 03.09.1914 - 22.01.1922 (59/67).
- The funerary monument to Pope Benedict XV is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
Pope Pius XI by Philip Alexius de László
Pope Pius XI, Achille Ratti (b. Desio, Milan), 06.02.1922 - 10.02.1939 (64/81).
- Pope Pius XI became the first sovereign of Vatican City when is was founded as an independent state on February 11th 1929.
- The funerary monument to Pope Pius XI is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
Colour Photograph of Pope Pius XII
Pope Pius XII, Eugenio Pacelli (b. Rome), 02.03.1939 - 09.10.1958 (63/82).
- The funerary monument to Pope Pius XII is in St Peter's Basilica, where he is buried.
Pope John XXIII
Pope St. John XXIII, Angelo Roncalli (b. Sotto il Monte, Bergamo), 28.10.1958 - 03.06.1963 (76/81).
- On October 11th 1962, Pope John XXIII opened the first session of the Second Vatican Council.
- Pope John XXIII is buried in St Peter's Basilica.
- Pope John XXIII was canonised by Pope Francis on April 27th 2014.
Pope Paul VI
Pope St. Paul VI, Giovanni Battista Montini (b. Brescia), 21.06.1963 - 06.08.1978 (65/80).
- On December 8th 1965, Pope Paul VI officially closed the Second Vatican Council.
- Pope Paul VI is buried in St Peter's Basilica.
- On October 14th 2018, Pope Paul VI was canonised by Pope Francis.
Pope John Paul I, Albino Luciani (b. Forno di Canale, Belluno); 26.08.1978 - 28.09.1978 (65/65).
- John Paul I, who reigned for just 33 days, was the first pope to choose two names. He chose it in honour of his two predecessors.
- Pope John Paul I is buried in St Peter's Basilica. There is no funerary monument.
- On September 4th 2022, Pope John Paul I was beatified by Pope Francis .
Pope St. John Paul II, Karol Wojtyla (b. Krakow, Poland), 16.10.1978 - 02.04.2005 (58/84).
- John Paul II, who was the first non-Italian pope in 455 years, is one of only three popes to have reigned for more than twenty-five years.
- Pope John Paul II is buried in St Peter's Basilica. There is no funerary monument.
- Pope John Paul II was canonised by Pope Francis on April 27th 2014.
21st Century
Pope Benedict XVI, Joseph Ratzinger (b. Marktl am Inn, Germany), 19.04.2005 - 28.02.2013 (78/85).
- Benedict XVI was the first pope since Gregory XII (r. 1406-15) to abdicate.
- Pope Benedict XVI is buried in St Peter's Basilica.
Pope Francis, Jorge Mario Bergoglio (b. Buenos Aires, Argentina), 13.03.2013 - (77/ ).
- Francis was the first ever Jesuit to be elected pope and the first to come from the Southern Hemisphere.
